A recent opinion article published by Al Jazeera on May 26, 2025, argues that democracy is rapidly deteriorating across East Africa, with governments increasingly using authoritarian tactics to suppress dissent and consolidate power. The author, political analyst Nic Cheeseman, outlines several key developments contributing to democratic backsliding and offers recommendations to reverse the trend.
Authoritarian Trends Rising
The article highlights how countries such as Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Kenya are witnessing increasing threats to democratic institutions. Leaders have used security forces, manipulated courts, and repressive legislation to muzzle the press, weaken opposition parties, and extend their rule.
In Uganda, President Yoweri Museveni continues to clamp down on opposition voices and civil society. In Ethiopia, the aftermath of civil conflict has been used to justify tighter control over political discourse. Meanwhile, Kenya, once viewed as a regional democratic model, has seen growing concerns about electoral integrity and judicial independence.
“Elections are increasingly becoming tools to legitimize autocracy, rather than a genuine expression of the people’s will,” Cheeseman writes.
Civil Society Under Pressure
The article also stresses that non-governmental organizations, journalists, and activists are facing growing harassment. Laws are being used to close civic space, and funding restrictions are limiting the ability of watchdog groups to operate effectively.
According to Cheeseman, this crackdown is not accidental — it is part of a broader strategy by ruling elites to insulate themselves from criticism and international scrutiny.
How Democracy Can Be Saved
Despite the bleak outlook, the author presents several strategies for protecting and restoring democracy in East Africa:
- Strengthening independent institutions, especially courts and electoral commissions
- Supporting grassroots civic engagement and local leadership
- Encouraging international partners and donors to prioritize governance and human rights over short-term stability
- Empowering youth movements and digital platforms to mobilize democratic resistance
Cheeseman argues that regional bodies like the African Union and East African Community must take a firmer stance against democratic erosion and commit to enforcing standards that promote accountability.
Conclusion
The article concludes with a warning that unless deliberate action is taken, East Africa risks falling into a long-term cycle of illiberal governance. However, it also emphasizes that citizens and civil society still have the power to push for change.
“Democracy is not dead in East Africa — but it is under attack. If defenders of democracy act now, it can still be saved,” Cheeseman writes.
Source; Al Jazeera
